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GNDU Question Paper-2020

BA/BSc 3rd Semester

ENGLISH (Compulsory)

Time Allowed: 3 Hrs. Maximum Marks: 50

Note: Attempt Five questions in all, selecting at least One question from each section. The

Fifth question may be attempted from any section. All questions carry equal marks.

SECTION-A

1. (a) Choose the correct word :

(1) I was disappointing/disappointed with the film. I had expected it to be better.

(ii) Do you easily get embarrassing/embarrased?

(iii) It was really terrifying/terrified experience.

(b) Put the adjectives in brackets in the correct position:

(iv) An American film (old)

(v) A big cat (fat/black)

(vi) A lovely restaurant (little)

(vii) You did_____ in your exams.

(viii). I like your hat. It looks______ on you.

(d) Make one sentence from the two. Use the word in brackets in your sentence:

(ix) I couldn't sleep. I was very tired. (despite)

(x) My foot was injured. I managed to walk home. (although)

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2.(a) Put in the correct word:

(1) This tea tastes a bit_______ (strange/strangely)

(ii) I always feel______ when the Sun is shining. (happy/happily)

(iii) Hurry up! You're always so_______ (slow/slowly)

( b) Rewrite the sentences to include the word in brackets:

(iv) Katherine is very generous. (always)

(v) I don't have to work on Saturdays. (usually)

(vi) Can you hold my bag ____ I try on this jacket?

(vii) We met a lot of interesting people______ our holiday.

(viii) My phone rang______ we were having dinner.

(d) Put in at or in:

(ix) I'm going away______ the end of the month.

(x) It took me a long time to find a job ._______the end I got a job in a hotel.

SECTION-B

3. Write an essay on any One of the following topics:

(a) Benefits of Morning Walk

(b) Internet: Boon or Bane

4. Put in the correct preposition:

(i) Amy is always full……… energy.

(ii) Kate is very fond……… her younger brother.

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(iii) Helen works hard and she's extremely good ………… her job.

(iv) Did you hear………. the fire at the hotel yesterday?

Complete the sentences using correct form of verbs in the bracket-apreposition:

(v) It was my idea. I it first. (think)

(vi) Ben is never satisfied. He's always…………. Something (complain)

Complete the sentences with in, into, out or out of:

(vii) I've got a new flat. I'm moving…………….. on Friday.

(viii) We checked………..the hotel as soon as we arrived.

(ix) Thieves broke……….. the house while we were away.

(x) The car stopped and the driver got…………..

SECTION-C

5. Explain the theme of the poem 'Virtue.'

6. Trace the development of thought in the poem 'Belinda's Dressing Table'.

SECTION-D

2. Write the words that are similar to the definitions below:

(i) a signal that makes something clear

(ii) hopeful

(iii) to focus on

(iv) a connection

(v) a long term plan to achieve a goal

(vi) imperfect, containing a mistake

(vii) a treatment to help a person get better

(viii) to appear; come out

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(x) to send to move from one location to another

(x) most important.

8. Use the words below to complete the following sentences: alienated, brands, dynamic,

influx, static, bland, debating, incrementally, profanity, unfounded

(1) Some visitors to England find the local food to be rather while Mexican food is

often praised for its rich variety of spices and flavors.

(ii) Stories we heard about the dangers of living in the large city turned out to be ; we

feel safe living there.

(iii) Art is an important form of cultural expression. Like culture, art is not ; it is

constantly changing.

(iv) When Ali first moved from Saudi Arabia to England, he felt very the way of life in

England was completely different from his life in his home country.

(v) When singers in Islamic countries perform western songs, they often replace the

with different and less offensive words.

(vi) When we travelled to Vietnam, we were surprised to find the stores filled with

the same we find at home.

(vii) Educational experts are still ages of bilingual education. the advantages and

disadvant-

(viii) West African music is an example of a/an that is exciting and constantly

changing. style of music

(x) When John started work, he learned that his salary would increase over the next 5

years.

(x) At the end of World War II, there was a/an all over Europe into the United States.

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GNDU Answer Paper-2020

BA/BSc 3rd Semester

ENGLISH (Compulsory)

SECTION-A

1. (a) Choose the correct word :

(1) I was disappointing/disappointed with the film. I had expected it to be better.

Ans: "Disappointed" is the correct adjective to describe the feeling of dissatisfaction.

(ii) Do you easily get embarrassing/embarrased?

Ans: "Embarrassed" is the correct adjective to describe the feeling of being self-conscious or

uncomfortable.

(iii) It was really terrifying/terrified experience.

Ans: "Terrifying" is the correct adjective to describe something causing fear or terror.

(b) Put the adjectives in brackets in the correct position:

(iv) An American film (old)

Ans: (iv) An old American film

(v) A big cat (fat/black)

Ans: (v) A big, fat, black cat

(vi) A lovely restaurant (little)

Ans: (vi) A lovely little restaurant

(vii) You did_____ in your exams.

Ans: (vii) You did well in your exams.

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(viii). I like your hat. It looks______ on you.

Ans: (viii) I like your hat. It looks good on you.

(d) Make one sentence from the two. Use the word in brackets in your sentence:

(ix) I couldn't sleep. I was very tired. (despite)

Ans: (ix) Despite feeling very tired, I couldn't sleep.

(x) My foot was injured. I managed to walk home. (although)

Ans: (x) Although my foot was injured, I managed to walk home.

2.(a) Put in the correct word:

(1) This tea tastes a bit_______ (strange/strangely)

Ans: (i) This tea tastes a bit strange. (adjective modifying "tea")

(ii) I always feel______ when the Sun is shining. (happy/happily)

Ans: (ii) I always feel happy when the Sun is shining. (adjective modifying "feel")

(iii) Hurry up! You're always so_______ (slow/slowly)

Ans: (iii) Hurry up! You're always so slow. (adjective modifying "you")

( b) Rewrite the sentences to include the word in brackets:

(iv) Katherine is very generous. (always)

Ans: (iv) Katherine is always very generous.

(v) I don't have to work on Saturdays. (usually)

Ans: (v) I usually don't have to work on Saturdays.

(vi) Can you hold my bag ____ I try on this jacket?

Ans: (vi) Can you hold my bag while I try on this jacket?

(vii) We met a lot of interesting people______ our holiday.

Ans: (vii) We met a lot of interesting people during our holiday.

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(viii) My phone rang______ we were having dinner.

Ans: (viii) My phone rang while we were having dinner

(d) Put in at or in:

(ix) I'm going away______ the end of the month.

Ans: (ix) I'm going away at the end of the month.

(x) It took me a long time to find a job ._______the end I got a job in a hotel.

Ans: (x) It took me a long time to find a job In the end I got a job in a hotel.

SECTION-B

3. Write an essay on any One of the following topics:

(a) Benefits of Morning Walk

Ans: Introduction: Morning walks are a simple yet powerful practice that holds numerous

benefits for both physical and mental well-being. The gentle act of stepping out into the

fresh air as the sun rises brings forth a plethora of advantages that enhance our overall

quality of life. In this essay, we will explore the myriad benefits of morning walks in simple

words, shedding light on why this age-old practice continues to be cherished by people

across the globe.

1.Body:

Physical Health Benefits:

• Boosts Energy Levels: Morning walks invigorate the body, awakening it from

slumber and preparing it for the day ahead. The brisk movement stimulates blood

circulation, delivering oxygen and nutrients to cells, thereby increasing energy levels.

• Aids in Weight Management: Regular morning walks contribute to burning calories,

which is essential for maintaining a healthy weight. The consistent movement helps

in shedding excess fat and preventing obesity-related issues.

• Improves Cardiovascular Health: Walking in the morning strengthens the heart and

improves cardiovascular health. It lowers blood pressure, reduces the risk of heart

diseases, and enhances overall cardiac function.

• Enhances Respiratory Function: Breathing in the fresh morning air strengthens the

respiratory system. It clears the lungs of accumulated toxins, improves lung capacity,

and promotes better oxygen intake.

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• Promotes Digestion: Walking after waking up aids in kickstarting the digestive

system. It regulates bowel movements, prevents constipation, and promotes better

absorption of nutrients from food.

2.Mental and Emotional Well-being:

• Reduces Stress and Anxiety: Morning walks serve as a natural stress reliever. The

serene atmosphere and gentle exercise help in calming the mind, reducing cortisol

levels, and alleviating feelings of anxiety and tension.

• Enhances Mood: Walking in the morning triggers the release of endorphins, the

body's natural mood elevators. This leads to feelings of happiness, contentment, and

overall well-being, setting a positive tone for the day.

• Improves Cognitive Function: The increased blood flow to the brain during morning

walks enhances cognitive function. It sharpens focus, boosts memory retention, and

fosters mental clarity, making it easier to tackle daily tasks and challenges.

• Promotes Better Sleep: Regular morning walks regulate the body's internal clock,

promoting a healthy sleep-wake cycle. Exposure to natural light early in the day

helps in regulating melatonin production, leading to improved sleep quality at night.

3.Social and Environmental Benefits:

• Connects with Nature: Morning walks provide an opportunity to connect with

nature and appreciate its beauty. The tranquil surroundings, chirping birds, and

gentle breeze create a serene ambiance that rejuvenates the mind and soul.

• Fosters Social Interaction: Walking in the morning often involves encounters with

neighbors, fellow walkers, or friendly pets. These brief interactions foster a sense of

community, belonging, and social connection, which are vital for mental and

emotional well-being.

• Promotes Environmental Awareness: Being outdoors in the morning encourages

appreciation and respect for the environment. It instills a sense of responsibility

towards preserving nature's beauty and protecting the planet for future generations.

Conclusion: In conclusion, the benefits of morning walks are manifold, encompassing

physical, mental, emotional, social, and environmental aspects of well-being. Incorporating

this simple yet powerful practice into our daily routine can significantly improve our quality

of life, enhance our overall health, and foster a deeper connection with ourselves and the

world around us. So, let us embrace the marvels of morning walks and stride towards a

healthier, happier life.

(b) Internet: Boon or Bane

Ans: In the modern world, the internet stands as one of the most revolutionary inventions,

transforming the way we communicate, work, learn, and entertain ourselves. Its impact is

undeniable, shaping societies, economies, and individual lives across the globe. However,

with its immense potential come various complexities and challenges, raising the question:

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Is the internet a boon or a bane? In this essay, we will explore both the positive and

negative aspects of the internet and attempt to decipher its true nature.

The internet, in its essence, is a vast network of interconnected computers that allows the

exchange of information and communication through various means such as emails, social

media, websites, and online forums. Its advent has democratized access to knowledge,

breaking down geographical barriers and providing instant access to information on virtually

any topic imaginable. From academic research to DIY tutorials, the internet has become an

indispensable tool for learning and education.

One of the most significant boons of the internet is its role in fostering connectivity and

bringing people closer together. Social media platforms like Facebook, Twitter, and

Instagram have revolutionized the way we interact, enabling us to connect with friends,

family, and acquaintances regardless of distance. These platforms serve as virtual

communities where individuals can share experiences, ideas, and emotions, thereby

fostering a sense of belonging and camaraderie.

Moreover, the internet has revolutionized the way businesses operate, facilitating e-

commerce and online transactions. With just a few clicks, consumers can purchase goods

and services from the comfort of their homes, eliminating the need for physical storefronts

and expanding market reach. This has not only streamlined the shopping experience but has

also empowered small businesses and entrepreneurs to compete on a global scale.

Furthermore, the internet has democratized access to information and empowered

individuals to voice their opinions and participate in public discourse. Blogs, online forums,

and citizen journalism platforms provide a platform for people to share their perspectives,

challenge prevailing narratives, and hold authorities accountable. This free flow of

information is essential for a healthy democracy and ensures transparency and

accountability in governance.

However, alongside its myriad benefits, the internet also poses significant challenges and

risks that cannot be overlooked. One of the most pressing concerns is the issue of online

privacy and security. With the proliferation of social media and online platforms, personal

data has become increasingly vulnerable to exploitation and misuse. Cyber-attacks, data

breaches, and identity theft are rampant, posing a threat to individuals' privacy and financial

security.

Moreover, the internet has given rise to various forms of cybercrime, including hacking,

phishing, and online fraud. Criminal organizations and malicious actors exploit

vulnerabilities in online systems to perpetrate illegal activities, causing financial losses and

disrupting critical infrastructure. Despite efforts to enhance cybersecurity measures, the

evolving nature of cyber threats poses a formidable challenge to law enforcement agencies

and cybersecurity experts.

Another concerning aspect of the internet is the phenomenon of digital addiction and

information overload. With constant access to a vast array of online content, individuals are

increasingly susceptible to distractions and compulsive behaviors that impact productivity

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and mental well-being. Social media platforms, in particular, have been criticized for

promoting addictive usage patterns and contributing to feelings of anxiety, depression, and

social isolation.

Furthermore, the internet has facilitated the spread of misinformation and fake news,

undermining the credibility of traditional media sources and eroding public trust in factual

information. The viral nature of online content makes it easy for false narratives and

propaganda to spread rapidly, leading to polarization, divisiveness, and societal unrest. The

rise of echo chambers and filter bubbles further exacerbates this problem by reinforcing

existing biases and limiting exposure to diverse perspectives.

In conclusion, the internet is a double-edged sword that presents both opportunities and

challenges for society. While it has revolutionized communication, knowledge

dissemination, and economic development, it also poses significant risks to privacy, security,

and societal cohesion. As we navigate the digital landscape, it is imperative to strike a

balance between harnessing the potential of the internet and mitigating its negative

impacts. This requires concerted efforts from policymakers, technology companies, and

individual users to promote digital literacy, strengthen cybersecurity, and foster responsible

online behavior. Ultimately, the true value of the internet lies not in its inherent nature but

in how we choose to wield its power for the greater good of humanity.

Ans: Introduction

Environmental pollution is a critical issue that affects our planet's health and well-being. It

refers to the contamination of the natural environment by various pollutants, resulting in

adverse effects on ecosystems, human health, and biodiversity. In simple terms,

environmental pollution occurs when harmful substances are introduced into the

environment at levels that disrupt its natural balance. This essay aims to delve into the

causes, effects, and potential solutions to environmental pollution in a simplified manner.

Causes of Environmental Pollution

• Industrial Activities: One of the primary contributors to environmental pollution is

industrialization. Factories and manufacturing plants release a myriad of pollutants

into the air, water, and soil. These pollutants include chemicals, heavy metals, and

greenhouse gases like carbon dioxide and methane.

• Vehicle Emissions: The widespread use of automobiles and other forms of

transportation also contributes significantly to environmental pollution. Vehicles

emit harmful gases such as carbon monoxide, nitrogen oxides, and particulate

matter, which pollute the air and contribute to respiratory problems in humans.

• Agricultural Practices: Agricultural activities, including the use of chemical fertilizers,

pesticides, and herbicides, can contaminate soil and water sources. Runoff from

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agricultural fields carries these chemicals into rivers, lakes, and oceans, leading to

water pollution and harming aquatic life.

• Improper Waste Disposal: Improper disposal of waste, including plastics, electronic

waste, and hazardous materials, poses a significant threat to the environment.

Landfills release methane gas, a potent greenhouse gas, into the atmosphere, while

plastic waste accumulates in oceans, endangering marine life.

• Deforestation: The clearing of forests for agriculture, urbanization, and logging

purposes contributes to environmental pollution in several ways. Deforestation

reduces the number of trees that absorb carbon dioxide from the atmosphere,

leading to increased greenhouse gas emissions. It also disrupts ecosystems and

contributes to soil erosion and loss of biodiversity.

Effects of Environmental Pollution

• Air Pollution: Air pollution can have severe consequences on human health,

including respiratory problems such as asthma, bronchitis, and lung cancer. It also

contributes to environmental issues like acid rain, smog formation, and depletion of

the ozone layer, which protects the Earth from harmful ultraviolet radiation.

• Water Pollution: Water pollution contaminates freshwater sources, making them

unsuitable for drinking, swimming, and supporting aquatic life. Pollutants such as

heavy metals, pesticides, and industrial chemicals can bioaccumulate in the food

chain, posing health risks to humans and wildlife.

• Soil Pollution: Soil pollution degrades soil quality and reduces its fertility, impacting

agricultural productivity and food security. Contaminants in the soil can leach into

groundwater, further exacerbating water pollution issues. Soil pollution also affects

plant growth and can lead to the accumulation of toxins in food crops.

• Biodiversity Loss: Environmental pollution is a major driver of biodiversity loss

worldwide. Pollution disrupts ecosystems and habitats, leading to declines in plant

and animal species. Loss of biodiversity not only diminishes the aesthetic and

cultural value of nature but also threatens the stability and resilience of ecosystems.

• Climate Change: The release of greenhouse gases into the atmosphere, primarily

from human activities, contributes to climate change and global warming. Climate

change leads to more frequent and severe weather events, rising sea levels, and

disruptions to ecosystems and agriculture, posing significant challenges to human

societies worldwide.

Solutions to Environmental Pollution

• Transition to Renewable Energy: To mitigate air pollution and combat climate

change, societies must transition from fossil fuels to renewable energy sources such

as solar, wind, and hydroelectric power. Investing in clean energy technologies and

improving energy efficiency can reduce greenhouse gas emissions and improve air

quality.

• Regulation and Enforcement: Governments play a crucial role in regulating pollution

through laws, regulations, and enforcement mechanisms. Strict emission standards

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for industries and vehicles, as well as measures to control waste disposal and protect

natural habitats, are essential for preventing environmental pollution.

• Waste Reduction and Recycling: Reducing waste generation and promoting

recycling and reuse initiatives can help minimize the environmental impact of

consumption and production patterns. Encouraging individuals and businesses to

adopt sustainable practices, such as composting organic waste and using

biodegradable materials, can reduce the burden on landfills and ecosystems.

• Conservation and Restoration: Protecting and restoring natural habitats, including

forests, wetlands, and marine ecosystems, is essential for preserving biodiversity and

mitigating environmental pollution. Conservation efforts should focus on preventing

deforestation, promoting reforestation and afforestation, and creating protected

areas for wildlife and ecosystems.

• Public Awareness and Education: Raising awareness about the causes and

consequences of environmental pollution is crucial for fostering public support and

engagement in pollution control efforts. Education programs and campaigns can

empower individuals to make informed choices and adopt sustainable lifestyles that

minimize their ecological footprint.

Conclusion

In conclusion, environmental pollution is a complex and multifaceted problem that requires

urgent action at the local, national, and global levels. By understanding the causes and

effects of pollution and implementing effective solutions, we can safeguard the health of

our planet and future generations. It is imperative that governments, industries,

communities, and individuals work together to address environmental pollution and create

a sustainable and healthy environment for all.

4. Put in the correct preposition:

(i) Amy is always full……… energy.

Ans: (i) Amy is always full of energy.

(ii) Kate is very fond……… her younger brother.

Ans: (ii) Kate is very fond of her younger brother.

(iii) Helen works hard and she's extremely good ………… her job.

Ans: (iii) Helen works hard and she's extremely good at her job.

(iv) Did you hear………. the fire at the hotel yesterday?

Ans: (iv) Did you hear about the fire at the hotel yesterday?

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Complete the sentences using correct form of verbs in the bracket-apreposition:

(v) It was my idea. I it first. (think)

Ans: (v) It was my idea. I thought of it first.

(vi) Ben is never satisfied. He's always…………. Something (complain)

Ans: (vi) Ben is never satisfied. He's always complaining about something.

Complete the sentences with in, into, out or out of:

(vii) I've got a new flat. I'm moving…………….. on Friday.

Ans: (vii) I'm moving in on Friday.

(viii) We checked………..the hotel as soon as we arrived.

Ans: (viii) We checked into the hotel as soon as we arrived.

(ix) Thieves broke……….. the house while we were away.

Ans: (ix) Thieves broke into the house while we were away.

(x) The car stopped and the driver got…………..

Ans: (x) The car stopped and the driver got out.

SECTION-C

5. Explain the theme of the poem 'Virtue.'

Ans: The poem "Virtue" by George Herbert is a profound exploration of the concept of

virtue and its significance in human life. George Herbert was a 17th-century poet and

clergyman known for his deeply religious poetry and his exploration of themes related to

faith, morality, and the human condition. "Virtue" is one of his most famous poems and

offers rich insights into the nature of virtue and its importance in the Christian tradition.

The poem "Virtue" consists of five stanzas, each containing four lines. Through vivid imagery

and metaphorical language, Herbert delves into the complexities of virtue and presents it as

an essential aspect of the Christian life. Let's break down the theme of the poem and

analyze each stanza to gain a deeper understanding of its meaning.

Stanza 1:

Sweet day, so cool, so calm, so bright,

The bridal of the earth and sky;

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The dew shall weep thy fall to-night,

For thou must die.

In the first stanza, Herbert sets the tone by describing a beautiful, serene day. The day is

personified as "sweet," "cool," "calm," and "bright," creating a sense of tranquility and

harmony with nature. The imagery of the day being the "bridal of the earth and sky"

suggests a union or marriage between the elements of nature, emphasizing the beauty and

perfection of the day.

However, this serene scene is juxtaposed with the acknowledgment of the day's mortality.

The dew, representing tears, shall weep for the day's end, symbolizing the transient nature

of life and beauty. This stanza sets the stage for Herbert to explore deeper themes of

transience and mortality, which are central to the poem's exploration of virtue.

Stanza 2:

Sweet rose, whose hue angry and brave

Bids the rash gazer wipe his eye;

Thy root is ever in its grave,

And thou must die.

In the second stanza, Herbert shifts his focus to a sweet rose, which stands out boldly with

its vibrant hue. The rose is described as "angry and brave," suggesting its defiance and

resilience against the harshness of the world. The phrase "bids the rash gazer wipe his eye"

implies that the beauty and intensity of the rose's color may bring tears to the eyes of those

who gaze upon it, perhaps due to its overwhelming splendor or its reminder of the fleeting

nature of life.

Despite its beauty and strength, the rose, like the day, is subject to mortality. Its root is

"ever in its grave," highlighting the inevitability of death and decay. This stanza reinforces

the theme of transience and emphasizes the impermanence of earthly beauty and glory.

Stanza 3:

Sweet spring, full of sweet days and roses,

A box where sweets compacted lie;

My music shows you have your closes,

And all must die.

In the third stanza, Herbert continues to explore the theme of transience by depicting the

sweetness and abundance of spring. Spring is described as "full of sweet days and roses,"

symbolizing the season's richness and vitality. The image of spring as a "box where sweets

compacted lie" evokes a sense of abundance and overflow, suggesting the bountiful gifts of

nature.

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However, Herbert reminds the reader that even in the midst of such abundance, there is an

inevitable end. The phrase "My music shows you have your closes" suggests that the music

of spring, perhaps the songs of birds or the rustling of leaves, serves as a reminder of the

cycle of life and death. Despite its beauty and vitality, spring, like everything else in nature,

is subject to the universal law of mortality.

Stanza 4:

Only a sweet and virtuous soul,

Like seasoned timber, never gives;

But though the whole world turn to coal,

Then chiefly lives.

In the fourth stanza, Herbert introduces the central theme of the poem: the nature of virtue

and its enduring quality. He contrasts the transient beauty of the natural world with the

enduring quality of a "sweet and virtuous soul." The simile "Like seasoned timber, never

gives" suggests that a virtuous soul, like well-aged wood, is resilient and unyielding in the

face of adversity. It withstands the trials and tribulations of life without succumbing to the

ravages of time.

The final two lines of the stanza underscore the significance of virtue in the face of worldly

decay. Even if the whole world were to "turn to coal," symbolizing complete destruction and

desolation, a virtuous soul "chiefly lives." This suggests that virtue transcends the temporal

realm and possesses a timeless quality that outlasts the transient beauty of the natural

world.

Stanza 5:

O let not virtue seek

Remuneration for the thing it was;

For beauty, wit,

High birth, vigour of bone, desert in service,

Love, friendship, charity, are subjects all

To envious and calumniating time.

One touch of nature makes the whole world kin;

That all, with one consent, praise new-born gauds,

Though they are made and moulded of things past,

And give to dust that is a little gilt

More laud than gilt o'erdusted.

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The present version is never a conclusion; merely a section

To turn the key of all things to confusion.

In the final stanza, Herbert cautions against seeking reward or recognition for virtue. He

advises against seeking "Remuneration for the thing it was," suggesting that true virtue

should be pursued for its own sake, rather than for external validation or reward. The poet

lists various qualities and attributes that are subject to the fleeting judgment of time,

including beauty, wit, high birth, and prowess in service. These qualities, no matter how

esteemed, are vulnerable to the passage of time and the whims of human perception.

Herbert emphasizes the universal nature of human experience by asserting that "One touch

of nature makes the whole world kin." This suggests that despite differences in

circumstance or status, all human beings share a common vulnerability to the ravages of

time and mortality. The stanza concludes with a reflection on the ephemeral nature of

human achievements and the futility of seeking permanence in a world characterized by

impermanence and change.

In conclusion, the theme of "Virtue" by George Herbert revolves around the transient

nature of earthly beauty and glory contrasted with the enduring quality of virtue. Through

vivid imagery and metaphorical language, Herbert explores the theme of transience and

emphasizes the importance of cultivating a virtuous soul that withstands the trials of life

and transcends the limitations of time. The poem serves as a timeless meditation on the

nature of virtue and its significance in the human experience.

6. Trace the development of thought in the poem 'Belinda's Dressing Table'.

Ans: Introduction:

"Belinda's Dressing Table" by Rita Dove is a poignant poem that delves into the complexities

of identity, memory, and the passage of time. Through the metaphor of a dressing table,

Dove explores the evolution of a woman's life and the myriad emotions, experiences, and

reflections that accompany it. In this analysis, we will trace the development of thought in

the poem, unraveling its layers of meaning and significance.

Stanza 1: The poem begins with a vivid description of Belinda's dressing table, which

serves as the focal point of the narrative. The table is depicted as a repository of memories,

holding the remnants of Belinda's past – "the yellowed ivory hairbrush" and "the cracked

blue hand mirror." These objects carry traces of her history, suggesting a connection to her

personal journey and the passage of time.

Stanza 2: As the poem progresses, Dove shifts the focus to Belinda herself, describing her

as a woman "who combed her hair a hundred years ago." This line is significant as it

underscores the theme of temporality and the fleeting nature of existence. Through

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Belinda's act of combing her hair, Dove captures a moment frozen in time, highlighting the

inevitability of change and the transient nature of youth.

Stanza 3: The third stanza introduces the motif of reflection, both literal and metaphorical.

Belinda gazes into the mirror, confronting her own image and the reflections of her past

selves. The mirror becomes a symbol of introspection and self-awareness, prompting

Belinda to confront the passage of time and the inevitability of aging. The use of imagery

such as "the eye shut tight like a clamped shell" evokes a sense of vulnerability and

introspection, inviting the reader to contemplate the complexities of identity and self-

perception.

Stanza 4: In the fourth stanza, Dove explores the theme of transformation, juxtaposing

Belinda's youthful beauty with the ravages of time. The image of the "wrinkled flounce of

flesh" serves as a stark reminder of mortality, highlighting the inevitability of aging and the

erosion of beauty over time. Through this contrast, Dove invites the reader to reflect on the

transient nature of physical beauty and the enduring power of inner strength and resilience.

Stanza 5: The final stanza of the poem offers a sense of closure, as Dove reflects on the

enduring legacy of Belinda's dressing table. Despite the passage of time, the table remains a

symbol of resilience and continuity, holding the memories and experiences of generations

past. The poem concludes with a sense of acceptance and resignation, as Belinda confronts

the inevitability of mortality and embraces the enduring power of memory and legacy.

Conclusion: In conclusion, "Belinda's Dressing Table" is a poignant exploration of identity,

memory, and the passage of time. Through the metaphor of a dressing table, Dove invites

the reader to contemplate the complexities of existence and the enduring power of memory

and legacy. By tracing the development of thought in the poem, we gain insight into the

universal themes of aging, mortality, and the enduring resilience of the human spirit.

SECTION-D

2. Write the words that are similar to the definitions below:

(i) a signal that makes something clear

Ans: Indication

(ii) hopeful

Ans: Optimistic

(iii) to focus on

Ans: Concentrate

(iv) a connection

Ans: Link

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(v) a long term plan to achieve a goal

Ans: Strategy

(vi) imperfect, containing a mistake

Ans: Flawed

(vii) a treatment to help a person get better

Ans: Therapy

(viii) to appear; come out

Ans: Emerge

(x) to send to move from one location to another

Ans: Transmit

(x) most important.

Ans: Paramount

8. Use the words below to complete the following sentences: alienated, brands, dynamic,

influx, static, bland, debating, incrementally, profanity, unfounded

(1) Some visitors to England find the local food to be rather while Mexican food is

often praised for its rich variety of spices and flavors.

Ans: Some visitors to England find the local food to be rather bland while Mexican food is

often praised for its rich variety of spices and flavors.

(ii) Stories we heard about the dangers of living in the large city turned out to be ; we

feel safe living there.

Ans: (ii) Stories we heard about the dangers of living in the large city turned out to be

unfounded; we feel safe living there.

(iii) Art is an important form of cultural expression. Like culture, art is not ; it is

constantly changing.

Ans: (iii) Art is an important form of cultural expression. Like culture, art is not static; it is

constantly changing.

(iv) When Ali first moved from Saudi Arabia to England, he felt very the way of life in

England was completely different from his life in his home country.

Ans: (iv) When Ali first moved from Saudi Arabia to England, he felt very alienated; the way

of life in England was completely different from his life in his home country.

(v) When singers in Islamic countries perform western songs, they often replace the

with different and less offensive words.

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Ans: (v) When singers in Islamic countries perform western songs, they often replace the

profanity with different and less offensive words.

(vi) When we travelled to Vietnam, we were surprised to find the stores filled with

the same we find at home.

Ans: (vi) When we travelled to Vietnam, we were surprised to find the stores filled with the

same brands we find at home.

(vii) Educational experts are still ages of bilingual education. the advantages and

disadvant-

Ans: (vii) Educational experts are still debating ages of bilingual education, the advantages

and disadvantages.

(viii) West African music is an example of a/an that is exciting and constantly

changing. style of music

Ans: (viii) West African music is an example of a/an dynamic style of music that is exciting

and constantly changing.

(x) When John started work, he learned that his salary would increase over the next 5

years.

Ans: (ix) When John started work, he learned that his salary would increase incrementally

over the next 5 years.

(x) At the end of World War II, there was a/an all over Europe into the United States.

Ans: (x) At the end of World War II, there was a/an influx all over Europe into the United

States.

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